{"id":13437,"date":"2022-03-05T19:03:05","date_gmt":"2022-03-05T16:03:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/?p=13437"},"modified":"2022-06-24T02:59:23","modified_gmt":"2022-06-23T23:59:23","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%b9%d8%b8%d9%85-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a3%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/?p=13437","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649: \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0634\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0644<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Dr<\/span><\/span> Oliver<\/span><\/span> Tearle<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Loughborough<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u062c<\/span><\/span>\u064f<\/span><\/span>\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0639\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> 1880-1930\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u062e\u0627\u0635<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u0639\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Interesting<\/span><\/span> Literature<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u064b<\/span><\/span>\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 <\/span><\/span>\u064b<\/span><\/span>\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

10 Classic Works of Medieval Literature Everyone Should Read<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(10 <\/span><\/span>\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u062c\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1-Dante, <\/span><\/span>The Divine Comedy (<\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2- Geoffrey Chaucer, <\/span><\/span>The Canterbury Tales (<\/span><\/span>\u062c\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u0631<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> )<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3- Margery Kempe, <\/span><\/span>The Book of Margery Kempe(<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c<\/span><\/span>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u064a\u0645\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4- Marco Polo, Travels (<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5- Geoffrey of Monmouth, The History of the Kings of Britain (<\/span><\/span>\u062c\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0648\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0648\u062b<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span> )<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

6-Omar Khayy\u00e1m, The Rub\u00e1iy\u00e1t (<\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> )<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062a<\/span><\/span>\u0651<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0647\u064a<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

7 – Anonymous, The Mabinogion (<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

8 – Anonymous, Beowulf (<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0641<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

9- Anonymous, The Nibelungenlied (<\/span><\/span>\u0646\u064a\u0628\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0646\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/span> )<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

10- Anonymous, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight(<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u0631<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

( Geoffrey Chaucer’s <\/span><\/span>The Canterbury Tales<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u064b <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/span><\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u064b <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0644\u0643 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0636\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> 1387-1400<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>General Prologue<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> 858 \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0633\u0637\u0631\u064b\u0627 <\/span><\/span>\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u062d\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Tabard Inn<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0628\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0646\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0636\u0631\u064a\u062d<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0643\u064a\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u00a0(<\/span><\/span>Thomas Becket<\/span><\/span>) \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span>– <\/span><\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Canterbury<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span> Kent<\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0633\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0636\u0648\u0621<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 <\/span><\/span>\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0630\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Fragment<\/span><\/span> ) <\/span><\/span>\u0630\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u062d\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 <\/span><\/span>\u0642\u0635\u0635<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0631\u062c\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u062e<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062d\u0648\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062e\u0637\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062b\u0631<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0643\u0633\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0635\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0637\u0644\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0643\u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0630\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0623\u062b\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0633\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0630\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/span><\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u0635\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u0635\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062d\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u062f\u0623<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0647\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062d\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u062a\u063a\u0644\u063a\u0644\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0632\u062e\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0641\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062a\u063a\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062d<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 <\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062e\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0633<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(The Opening of <\/span><\/span>The Canterbury Tales<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>Whan that Aprill with his shoures soote<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0When April with its sweet-smelling showers<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>The droghte of March hath perced to the roote,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Has pierced the drought of March to the root,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>And bathed every veyne in swich licour<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 And bathed every vein (of the plants) in such liquid<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>Of which vertu engendred is the flour;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 By which power the flower is created;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>Whan Zephirus eek with his sweete breeth<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 When the West Wind also with its sweet breath,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

6 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>Inspired hath in every holt and heeth<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 In every wood and field has breathed life into<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

7 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 The tender new leaves, and the young sun<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

8 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>Hath in the Ram his half cours yronne,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Has run half its course in Aries,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>And smale foweles maken melodye,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 And small fowls make melody,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

10 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>That slepen al the nyght with open ye<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Those that sleep all the night with open eyes<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

11 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>(So priketh hem Nature in hir corages),<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (So Nature incites them in their hearts),<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

12 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrimages,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Then folk long to go on pilgrimages,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(General Prologue, 1\u201312)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0633\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>General Prologue<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a <\/span><\/span>\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> 2249 <\/span><\/span>\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0642\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u062b\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644 <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0631\u064a\u06a4<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062b\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u062e<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062b\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u062c\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u062a\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0646\u062b\u0631\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Chaucer’s Retraction<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u0643<\/span><\/span>\u064f<\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0638<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0635\u0635 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u061b <\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u064a <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u062b\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 <\/span><\/span>\u0647\u0630\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0642<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 <\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0623\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0639\u0641\u0648<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0646\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062a\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0633\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

For our book says, “All that is written is written for our doctrine,” and that is my intent. Wherefore I beseech you meekly, for the mercy of God, that you pray for me that Christ have mercy on me and forgive me my sins; [1085] and namely of my translations and compositions of worldly vanities, the as is the book of Troilus; the book also of Fame; the book of the XXV. Ladies; the book of the Duchesse; the book of Saint Valentines day of the Parliament of Birds; the tales of Canterbury, those that tend toward sin; the book of the Lion; and many another book, if they were in my remembrance, and many a song and many a lecherous lyric, that Christ for his great mercy forgive me the sin. But of the translation of Boethius’s Consolation of Philosophy, and other books of legends of saints, and homilies, and morality, and devotion, that thank I our Lord Jesus Christ and his blissful Mother, and all the saints of heaven, [1090] beseeching them that they from henceforth unto my life’s end send me grace to bewail my sins and to study to the salvation of my soul, and grant me grace of true penitence, confession and satisfaction to do in this present life, through the benign grace of him that is king of kings and priest over all priests, that bought us with the precious blood of his heart, so that I may be one of them at the day of doom that shall be saved. Qui cum Patre et Spiritu Sancto vivit et regnat Deus per omnia secula. [He who lives and reigns with the Father and Holy Spirit, God, world without end.] Amen.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0628\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Harvard’s Geoffrey Chaucer Website<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

*<\/span><\/span>\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0648<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0648\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u2013 <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>Fatima<\/span><\/span> Al<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>Sharif<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0644 (Dr Oliver Tearle) \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 (Loughborough)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u064f\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 1880-1930\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0629 (Interesting Literature)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u064b\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: 10 Classic Works of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13439,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,2009,103],"tags":[1237,235,1995,2242],"class_list":["post-13437","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-19","category-2009","category-103","tag-1237","tag-235","tag-1995","tag-2242"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13437","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13437"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13437\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16304,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13437\/revisions\/16304"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13439"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13437"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13437"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13437"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}