{"id":17913,"date":"2022-08-27T19:37:14","date_gmt":"2022-08-27T16:37:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/?p=17913"},"modified":"2023-11-07T04:29:55","modified_gmt":"2023-11-07T01:29:55","slug":"%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%ac%d8%b2%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b5%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/?p=17913","title":{"rendered":"\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629<\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u200e <\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627\u00a0\u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> “<\/span><\/span>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a<\/span><\/span>”\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0623\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0646 <\/span><\/span>\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0644<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0644<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Native<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>American<\/span><\/span> literature<\/span><\/span>)\u060c<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/span><\/span> ( <\/span><\/span>African<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>American<\/span><\/span> literature<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Spnaish<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>American<\/span><\/span> literature<\/span><\/span>)\u060c<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span>( <\/span><\/span>Chinese<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>American<\/span><\/span> literature<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Japanese<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>American<\/span><\/span> literature<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Arab<\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span>American<\/span><\/span> literature<\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0638\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Christopher Cellarius<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u062c\u0639<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0641\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Old English Anglo-Saxon <\/span><\/span>Literature<\/span><\/span> 450\u20131066<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
– <\/span>\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Middle English <\/span><\/span>Literature<\/span><\/span> 1066\u20131500<\/span><\/span>)\u060c<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
– <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>1500\u2013<\/span><\/span>1945 <\/span><\/span>Modern <\/span><\/span>English <\/span><\/span>Literature<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0632\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0622\u062f\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Adam<\/span><\/span> Burgess<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
– <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
A Brief Overview of British Literary Periods<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u2026 )\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/span>\u060c\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0633\u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0642<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0633\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0628\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0661- <\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00a0( 1500\u20131660 <\/span><\/span>The<\/span><\/span> Renaissance<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u25cf <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/span> (1558-1603) <\/span><\/span>Elizabethan Ag <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

\u064a\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0648<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0641\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0648<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Christopher Marlowe<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Francis Bacon<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0633\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0631<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Edmund Spenser<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Sir Walter Raleigh<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u0643\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>William Shakespeare<\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u25cf <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/span> (1603-1625) <\/span><\/span>Jacobean Age <\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>John Donn<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u0643\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Shakespeare<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Michael Drayton<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u064a\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>John Webster<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Elizabeth Cary<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0628\u0646\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Ben Jonson<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Lady Mary Wroth<\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u25cf <\/span>\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/span> (<\/span>1625\u20131649) <\/span><\/span>Caroline Age<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>John Milton<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Robert Burton<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>George Herbert<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u25cf <\/span>\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0644\u062b<\/span><\/span><\/span> (1649-1660) <\/span><\/span>Commonwealth Period<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>John Milton<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0647\u0648\u0628\u0632<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Thomas Hobbes<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0631<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Thomas Fuller <\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0645\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Abraham Cowley<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Andrew Marvell<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0662- <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span> (1600-1785) <\/span><\/span>The<\/span><\/span> Neoclassical<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u25cf <\/span>\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span><\/span> (1660 – 1700) <\/span><\/span>The Restoration <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>William Congreve<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>John Dryden<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0635\u0645\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0631<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Samuel Butler<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0647\u0646\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Aphra Behn<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>John Bunyan<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0648\u0643\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>John Locke<\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0646\u0634\u0637<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span> .<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u25cf <\/span>\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0648\u063a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/span> (1700-1745) <\/span><\/span>The Augustan Age<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n

\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0648\u0628<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Alexander Pope<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0646\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0641\u062a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Jonathan Swift<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Lady Mary Wortley Montagu<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u064a\u0641\u0648<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Daniel Defoe<\/span><\/span>) \u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0663- <\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/span><\/span> (1745-1785) <\/span><\/span>The Age of Sensibility<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0643<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Edmund Burke<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Edward Gibbon<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0647\u0633\u062a\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0634<\/span><\/span> \u062b\u0631\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Hester Lynch Thrale<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>James Boswell<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648<\/span><\/span> \u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Samuel Johnson<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0622\u062f\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Adam<\/span><\/span> Burgess<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u062c\u0628\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f\u0646\u062c<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Henry Fielding<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0635\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Samuel Richardson<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0633\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Tobias Smollett<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Laurence Sterne<\/span><\/span>) \u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0648\u0628\u0631<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>William Cowper<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Thomas Percy)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0664-<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> (1785\u20131832) <\/span><\/span>The Romantic Period<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0632\u0648\u0631\u062b<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>William Wordsworth<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0635\u0645\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0631\u062f\u062c<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Samuel Taylor Coleridge<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Lurical<\/span><\/span> Ballads<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0643<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>William Blake<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Lord Byron<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062c\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u064a\u062a\u0633<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>John Keats<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Charles Lamb<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Mary Wollstonecraft<\/span><\/span>) \u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0634<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Percy Bysshe Shelley<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Thomas De Quincey<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Jane Austen<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Mary Shelley<\/span><\/span>). <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0637\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>\u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> 1786-1800) <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0648<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Matthew Lewis<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0622\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Anne Radcliffe<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>William Beckford<\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0665- <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span> (1832\u20131901) <\/span><\/span>The Victorian Period<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Robert <\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Elizabeth<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0646\u062c<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Barrett Browning<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Christina Rossetti<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Alfred Lord Tennyson<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0648<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u062f<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Matthew Arnold<\/span><\/span>) . <\/span><\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Thomas Carlyle<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>John Ruskin<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Walter Pater<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0646 <\/span><\/span>\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/span>\u064b<\/span><\/span>\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0646\u0632<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Charles Dickens<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0648\u062a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0625\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Charlotte and Emily Bronte<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0644<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Elizabeth Gaskell<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0622\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0632<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Mary Ann Evans<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>George Eliot<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Anthony Trollope<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Thomas Hardy<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u062b\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>William Makepeace Thackeray<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0635\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0631<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Samuel Butler<\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0666- <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/span> (1901-1914) <\/span><\/span>The Edwardian Period<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Joseph Conrad<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0643\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Ford Madox Ford<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062c<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Rudyard Kipling<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0625\u062a\u0634<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0632<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>H.G. Wells<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Henry James<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0644\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a <\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0646\u0648\u064a\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Alfred Noyes<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0631<\/span><\/span>\u064a\u064a\u062a\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>William Butler Yeats<\/span><\/span>)\u061b <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0643\u062a<\/span><\/span>\u0651<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>James Barrie<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062f\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0634\u0648<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>George Bernard Shaw<\/span><\/span>) \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0648\u0631\u062b\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>John Galsworthy<\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0667- <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> (1910-1936) <\/span><\/span>The Georgian Period<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u0627\u0644\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0648\u062f\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Ralph Hodgson<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062c\u0648\u0646\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>John Masefiel)<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>W.H. Davies<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Rupert Brooke<\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0668- <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/span> (1914-1945) <\/span><\/span>The Modern Period <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0633<\/span><\/span> ( <\/span><\/span>James<\/span><\/span> Joyce<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0648\u0644\u0641<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Virginia Woolf<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0623\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0643\u0633\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Aldous Huxley<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062f\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u062a\u0634<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>D.H. Lawrence<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Joseph Conrad<\/span><\/span>) \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Dorothy Richardson<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Graham Greene,<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0625\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0631<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>E.M. Forster<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646\u062c<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Doris Lessing<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span> \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u064a\u064a\u062a\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>W.B. Yeats<\/span><\/span>) \u060c <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>T.S. Eliot<\/span><\/span>)\u060c \u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0623\u0648\u062f\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u00a0(<\/span><\/span>W.H. Auden<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0633<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Seamus Heaney<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\u0648 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0632<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Wilfred Owens<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Dylan Thomas<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0632<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Robert Graves<\/span><\/span>)\u061b <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Tom Stoppard<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0634\u0648<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>George Bernard Shaw<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0635\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0643\u064a\u062a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Samuel Beckett<\/span><\/span>)\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0643\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Frank McGuinness<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0631<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Harold Pinter,<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u0631\u0634\u0644<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Caryl Churchill<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0643\u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0638\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u00a0<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0648\u0644\u0641<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Woolf<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Eliot<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>William Empson<\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0669- <\/span><\/span>\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/span> (1945 <\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631<\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span>The Postmodern Period<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u062a\u0628<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0643\u064a\u062a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Samuel Beckett<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u064a\u0644\u0631<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Joseph Heller<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0633<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Anthony Burgess<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0632<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>John Fowles<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0645<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span> (<\/span><\/span>Penelope M. Lively<\/span><\/span>)\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0625\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>Iain Banks<\/span><\/span>). <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0643\u0644<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0648\u0638<\/span><\/span>\u0651<\/span><\/span>\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u063a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0647<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0641\u0625\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/span> \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c <\/span><\/span>\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u200e \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u00a0\u0648\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627\u00a0\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 “\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a”\u00a0\u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631: \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":17940,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,2691,103],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-19","category-2691","category-103"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17913","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17913"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17913\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29132,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17913\/revisions\/29132"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/17940"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17913"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17913"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}