{"id":19662,"date":"2022-11-01T20:54:16","date_gmt":"2022-11-01T17:54:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/?p=19662"},"modified":"2022-11-02T19:06:06","modified_gmt":"2022-11-02T16:06:06","slug":"%d8%b9%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%87%d8%b6%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a9-the-renaissance-%d8%b9%d8%b4-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/?p=19662","title":{"rendered":"\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 (The Renaissance): \u0639\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u062f\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 (Mediveal Ages) “\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 (500 \u0645) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 “. \u0633\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 (1500\u20131660 The Renaissance) \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u0627\u00a0 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b\u064a ((1558-1603) Elizabethan Ag) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (1558-1603) \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u0631 (1400) \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u060c\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1616\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a (1558-1603) \u060c \u0648\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0634\u0643\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631(William Shakespeare) \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646: \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0648(Christopher Marlowe) \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (Francis Bacon) \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0631(Edmund Spenser) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a (Sir Walter Raleigh)\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u064a (Sir Philip Sidney) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0634\u0643\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631(William Shakespeare) \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u062c \u0634\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0630\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0631\u0627(Sonnets)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0631(Edmund Spenser) \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a (allegory& epic).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201cSuch were some of the conditions which combined to create the spirit of Shakespeare\u2019s age \u2013 An age in which men lived intensely, thought intensely and wrote intensely.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

-W.H Hudson-<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0631 (Thomas More\u2019s exploration of Utopia)<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u064a (Sir Philip Sidney\u2019s Arcadia)<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0631 (Edmund Spenser\u2019s Faerie Queen Epic)<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. \u00a0\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    • Comedies: Merchant of Venice, Midsummer Night\u2019s Dream, as you like it, Winter\u2019s Tale, The Tempest, Twelfth Night.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Tragedies: Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, Hamlet, King Lear, Othello<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Historical Plays: Julius Caesar, Richard III, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VIII, Coriolanus, Antony and Cleopatra.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Poems: Venus and Adonis, The Rape of Lucrece, One Hundred and Fifty-Four Sonnets<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Doubtful Plays: Titus Andronicus, Henry VI, Richard III, Edward III<\/span><\/li>\n
    • <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n
      1. \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \n
        • Plays: Dido, Queen of Carthage, Tamburlaine, The Jew of Malta, Doctor Faustus, Edward II, The Massacre at Paris<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Poetry: Translation of Book One of Lucan\u2019s Pharsalia, Translation of Ovid\u2019s Amores, The Passionate Shepherd to His Love, Hero and Leander<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

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          \u00a0(A Nest of Singing Birds) \u0644\u0625\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

          *\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0629: \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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