{"id":433,"date":"2021-07-17T20:03:04","date_gmt":"2021-07-17T17:03:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/?p=433"},"modified":"2021-07-17T20:03:04","modified_gmt":"2021-07-17T17:03:04","slug":"%d8%ba%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/?p=433","title":{"rendered":"\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 <\/strong><\/span>(\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 )\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629_\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

“\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 “\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631” \u0623\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1915 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627 “\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c”\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0645 1913 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1918.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u062d\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0650\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a “\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b\u064f \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0631\u0639\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u06451884 \u0648\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0643\u0640\u0629:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629\u201d \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a “\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a “\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648”\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062a \u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0648. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u0650\u0639\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u064a\u0642\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627- \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0632\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b:\u201d \u0625\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0643 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b\u201d (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u062b\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632. \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0643\u0640\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0622\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u061b \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u064a\u0640\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0632 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0646\u0634 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 (\u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629). \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0622\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636. \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u064d \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u064d \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u064a\u0644\u064a (\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u064a\u0627) \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0646\u0634 \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f \u063a\u0644\u0648\u0643 (\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a). \u0641\u063a\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062b\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0646\u0634 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0626 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643. \u0641\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0648\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a \u0623\u0646 “\u0631\u0627\u064a” \u0642\u062f \u0648\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062b\u064e \u0633\u062a \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648. \u0641\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a:<\/strong> \u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u062a \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062b\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064e\u062c\u0644\u064e \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0632. \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062b\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0632\u0641\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064d \u0645\u0643\u062b\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0637\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 …<\/span><\/p>\n

The Song of the Lark<\/strong> is a novel by American author Willa Cather, written in 1915. It is her third novel to be published.<\/span><\/p>\n

The book tells the story of a talented artist born in a small town in Colorado who discovers and develops her singing voice. Her story is told against the backdrop of the burgeoning American West in which she was born in a town along the rail line, of fast-growing Chicago near the turn of the twentieth century, and of the audience for singers of her skills in the US compared to Europe. Thea Kronborg grows up, learning herself, her strengths and her talent, until she reaches success.<\/span><\/p>\n

The title comes from a painting of the same name by Jules Breton in 1884 and part of the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago.<\/span><\/p>\n

Plot introduction<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The Song of the Lark (1884) by Jules Breton, the painting that inspired the title of the book.<\/span><\/p>\n

Set in the 1890s in Moonstone, a fictional town in Colorado, The Song of the Lark is the self-portrait of an artist in the making. The ambitious young heroine, Thea Kronborg, leaves her hometown to go to Chicago to fulfill her dream of becoming a well-trained pianist, a better piano teacher. When her instructor hears her voice, he realizes that this is her true artistic gift. He encourages her to pursue her vocal training instead of piano saying, “your voice is worth all that you can put into it. I have not come to this decision rashly” (Part II, Chapter 7). In that pursuit she travels to Dresden, then to New York City, singing operas. Her reference for life is always her home town and the people she encountered there.<\/span><\/p>\n

The novel captures Thea’s independent-mindedness, her strong work ethic, and her ascent to her highest achievement. At each step along the way, her realization of the mediocrity of her peers propels her to greater levels of accomplishment, but in the course of her ascent she must discard those relationships which no longer serve her.<\/span><\/p>\n

Plot summary<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Part I: Friends of Childhood<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

In Moonstone, Colorado, Doctor Archie helps Mrs. Kronborg give birth to her son, Thor. The Doctor takes care of their daughter, Thea, who is sick with pneumonia. The next year Thea goes to the Kohlers for piano lessons with Wunsch and practices daily for two hours (or four hours if school is not in session). The doctor goes to Spanish Johnny who is sick. Later, Ray Kennedy goes out to the countryside with Johnny, his wife, Thea, Axel, and Gunner. Although she is only twelve and he is thirty, Ray dreams of marrying her when she is old enough. They tell stories of striking it rich in silver mines in the west.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tillie turns down the local drama club’s notion to have Thea play a part in The Drummer Boy of Shiloh, knowing that acting is not her niece’s talent. After Christmas, Wunsch tells Thea about a Spanish opera singer who could sing an alto part of Christoph Willibald Gluck. She sings for him. He says she needs to learn German for many of the good songs. Wunsch gets so drunk that he behaves badly and hurts himself. Ten days later, all of his students discontinue their lessons with him, and he leaves the town. Shortly after, Thea drops out of school and takes up his students.<\/span><\/p>\n

On the way from Moonstone to Saxony, Ray’s train has an accident and the next day he bids an emotional goodbye to Thea before he dies. After the funeral, Dr. Archie informs Mr. Kronborg that Ray has bequeathed six hundred dollars to Thea for her to go to Chicago and study music there. Her father agrees to let her go despite her only being seventeen.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  \u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 )\u00a0 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629_\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a   “\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 “\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631” \u0623\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1915 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627 “\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c”\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0645 1913 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1918. \u064a\u062d\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0650\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,102],"tags":[97,96,98],"class_list":["post-433","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-19","category-102","tag-97","tag-96","tag-98"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/433","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=433"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/433\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1259,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/433\/revisions\/1259"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=433"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=433"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=433"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}