{"id":49775,"date":"2025-07-01T20:11:01","date_gmt":"2025-07-01T17:11:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/?p=49775"},"modified":"2025-07-01T20:11:01","modified_gmt":"2025-07-01T17:11:01","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a8-%d9%85%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%ab%d8%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a4%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%88%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fargad.sa\/?p=49775","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629.. \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641*<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

“\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629”. Britannica<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629\u00a0 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u062f \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u064a \u0625\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a (T.S.Eliot<\/strong>) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0637\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0638\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u00a0 (Stylistic and thematic fragmentation<\/strong>) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0629\u00a0 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0623\u0633. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0650\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 (Playfulness)<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Irony)<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a (Parody\/Pastiche)<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 (Black Humor)<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062b\u064a\u0629 (Absurdism)<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f (Metafiction)<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 (Play with Language and Meaning)<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646” (Intertextuality)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0633\u0651\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 The French Lieutenant’s Woman \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 ( John Fowles) \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. \u00a0\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 Wide Sargasso Sea\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u00a0 (Jean Rhys) \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u00a0 Jane Eyre.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 Cloud Atlas\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a (David Mitchell ) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0635 (intertextuality) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 (pastiche)\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0641\u0651\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0645\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u064a\u062a (Waiting for Godot).<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 ( Flaubert’s Parrot ) \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0632 (Julian Barnes).<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 Jeanette\u00a0 Winterso ) Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit) \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 A Poetics of Postmodernism\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 “\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a”\u060c \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0The English Patient<\/em>–Midnight’s Children<\/em> – Cloud Atlas<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0640”\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a”.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 Postmodernism, or, The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Postmodernism by Brian Duignan The Editor\u00a0 of Encyclopedia Britannica<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n

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    Introduction To British Literature: Overview<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 AI<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Poetics of Postmodernism: History, Theory, Fiction by Linda Hutcheon\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Postmodernism, or, The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism by Fredric Jameson <\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u062e. (Historiographic Metafiction)<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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